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Career in E commerce

E-commerce Certificate Courses:

• What they cover:

  These courses typically cover topics like digital marketing strategies, e-commerce platform management (e.g., Shopify, WooCommerce), online store setup, order fulfillment, customer relationship management, and analytics. 
• Learning formats:

  Courses are available online, offering flexibility for students and working professionals. 
• Examples:

  • Google Digital Marketing & E-commerce Professional Certificate: Offered through Coursera, this certificate focuses on foundational skills for entry-level roles. 
  • Certificate Program on Ecommerce Entrepreneurship: This program from EDII focuses on initiating an e-commerce business. 
  • DataTrained's PG Program in E-Commerce and Business Analytics: This program includes a 3-month internship and industry projects. 

E-commerce Internships:

• Value:

  Internships provide hands-on experience in a real-world e-commerce setting, allowing you to apply your classroom knowledge and develop practical skills. 
• Opportunities:

  Internships can be found in various areas, including marketing, sales, operations, and customer service. 
• Finding internships:

  Platforms like Internshala and company websites are good resources. 
• Examples:

  • Internshala: Lists various e-commerce internships, including those with a work-from-home option. 
  • Kaashiv's Ecommerce Online Internship: Offers an online internship with video lectures and practice problems. 

Combining a Course and Internship:

• Best of both worlds:

  Many certificate programs include internships as part of the curriculum or offer placement assistance. 
• Benefits:

  This combination provides a strong foundation in e-commerce principles and practical experience, increasing your employability. 
• Example:

  DataTrained's program integrates a 3-month internship and industry projects, while EDII's program includes handholding support for two years post-completion. 

In Panchkula, Haryana:

• Check local job boards like Internshala for e-commerce internships in the area.
• Consider online programs that offer placement assistance or have partnerships with companies in the region. 
• Look for courses that cover digital marketing and e-commerce, as these skills are highly sought after in the current job market. 

Top 6 high-paying careers to pursue

 Physicians and surgeons

Physicians and surgeons top the list of high-paying American careers. The BLS reports a median wage of $239,200 (approximately ₹2 crore) or more annually for this group.

Subspecialties such as pediatric surgery, cardiology, orthopedic surgery, radiology, and anesthesiology can earn even higher average incomes, ranging from $300,000 to $450,810 (ranging from ₹2.5 crore to ₹3.8 crore).

Dentists and orthodontists

Dental specialists such as orthodontists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons also rank among the highest earners. Median annual wages for dental specialists exceed $239,200 (approximately ₹2 crore), according to BLS data.

Aspiring dental professionals must complete a professional dental degree followed by advanced training in a chosen specialty. The demand for dental specialists continues to grow due to increased emphasis on preventive care and overall oral health, making it a financially and professionally rewarding career choice.

Psychiatrists

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialise in mental health. They earn a median annual wage of $239,200 (approximately ₹2 crore) as per the BLS. Their role includes diagnosing and treating mental illnesses and prescribing medications. With increasing focus on mental health care and greater awareness around mental wellness, the need for qualified psychiatrists continues to rise steadily.

Computer and information systems managers

In the technology sector, leadership positions in information systems are highly lucrative. BLS data shows that these managers earn a median annual wage of $169,510 (approximately ₹1.42 crore) as of May 2024.

As companies continue to emphasise cybersecurity, and data management, demand for these professionals keeps growing. The field offers a clear pathway for students with degrees in computer science, information technology, or related fields.

Financial managers

Leadership roles in finance offer high earning potential and steady demand. Financial managers earn a median salary between $134,180 and $156,100 (approximately ₹1.12 crore to ₹1.30 crore) depending on the industry. They are responsible for budgeting, financial planning, and investment management.

Students with degrees in finance, economics, or accounting can enter the field and later obtain credentials such as MBA to enhance career growth in sectors including banking, investment, or corporate finance.

source :Top 6 high-paying careers to pursue in the USA by  Apeksha Tanwar

ROAD SAFETY & CAREER EDUCATION PROGRAMES IN GOVT. SCHOOLS OF HARYANA

 SOME GLIMPS .....

Curriculum and handbook of AI is available on CbSE Academic Website. Links are attached herewith

 Class IX AI Handbook 2024_26-04-24.docx

cbseacademic.nic.in/web_material/Curriculum21/publication/secondary/Class10_Facilitator_Handbook.pdf

AI_Facilitators_Handbook_VI.pdf

417-AI-IX.pdf

417-AI-X.pdf

Python_Content_Manual.pdf

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INTEGRATION ACROSS SUBJECTS FOR CBSE CURRICULUM

Copyright issues in Digital Era

                                                                                                            

1.PRE-KNOWLEDGE:  IPR & INFRINGEMENT 

A. IPR stands for Intellectual Property Rights. 

It’s a fancy way of saying “legal protection for your creations.” Whether you invent a gadget, write a book, design a logo, compose a song, or develop software—IPR helps ensure that others can’t just copy or profit from your work without permission.

There are different types of IPR, each protecting different kinds of creations:

• Copyright protects original works like books, music, films, and art.
• Patents – protect inventions and technical innovations.
• Trademarks – protect brand names, logos, and slogans.
• Design rights – protect the look and shape of a product.
• Trade secrets – protect confidential business information, like secret recipes or algorithms.

The formal legal framework for Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in India began during the British colonial era. While traditional forms of protecting knowledge existed earlier, it was under British rule that structured laws were introduced:

·        Patents: The first Indian patent law was enacted in 1856, modeled after British law.

·        Copyrights: The Indian Copyright Act was introduced in 1914, based on the UK Copyright Act of 1911.

·        Trademarks: Though trademarks were protected under common law earlier, the first comprehensive Trade Marks Act came into force in 1940.

Post-independence, India revamped its IPR laws to align with international standards, especially after joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) and signing the TRIPS Agreement in 1995

India has a well-developed legal framework for protecting intellectual property, with several key laws currently in force:

·        The Patents Act, 1970 (amended multiple times, most recently in 2024): Governs the granting of patents for inventions and outlines the rights of patent holders.

·        The Copyright Act, 1957: Protects original literary, musical, dramatic, and artistic works, as well as cinematographic films and sound recordings.

·        The Trade Marks Act, 1999: Provides for the registration and protection of trademarks for goods and services.

·        The Designs Act, 2000: Protects the visual design of objects that are not purely utilitarian.

·        The Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999: Safeguards products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation due to that origin (like Darjeeling tea or Mysore silk).

·        The Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act, 2001: Recognizes and protects the rights of plant breeders and farmers.

·        The Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Layout-Design Act, 2000: Protects the layout designs of integrated circuits.

B. Infringement occurs when an individual unlawfully violates the exclusive rights bestowed upon a proprietor without their authorization. 

(These exclusive rights entail the freedom to duplicate, circulate, execute, showcase, and engender derivative works from a unique work of authorship. )

TOPIC: Copyright issues in the Digital Era

2.  Copyright Definition:is a legal right that gives creators control over how their original works—like books, music, films, software, and artwork—are used and shared. 

It protects the expression of ideas, not the ideas themselves.

Here’s the gist:

• If you create something original and fix it in a tangible form (like writing it down or recording it), you automatically own the copyright.
• This gives you exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, perform, display, or license your work.
• Others need your permission to use it—unless their use falls under exceptions like fair use.

3. Copyright law officially came into being with the Statute of Anne in 1710 in Great Britain. It was the first law to recognize the rights of authors over their literary works, rather than granting control solely to printers or publishers.

Before that, printing was regulated through royal privileges and monopolies, especially by groups like the Stationers' Company in England. But the Statute of Anne marked a turning point—it aimed to encourage learning by giving authors exclusive rights to their creations for a limited time.

4. The Copyright Act of 1957 is the primary legislation governing copyright law in India. Enacted on 4th June 1957, it was designed to consolidate and modernize the laws relating to copyright, replacing earlier colonial-era statutes. Here's a quick overview of its key features:

4A. 📘 What It Covers :The Act protects original works in categories such as:

• Literary works (books, articles, software)
• Musical works
• Artistic works (paintings, photographs, architecture)
• Cinematographic films
• Sound recordings
• Dramatic works

 4 B 🛡️ Rights Granted: It gives creators exclusive rights to:

• Reproduce the work
• Distribute copies
• Perform or display the work publicly
• Create adaptations or translations
• License or assign rights to others

4 C. ⚖️ Duration of Protection:

• For most works: Lifetime of the author + 60 years
  
• For films, sound recordings, and anonymous works: 60 years from publication

4. D 🔄 Amendments

• The Act has been amended several times to keep up with technological changes, most notably in 1994 and 2012, most notably in 1994 and 2012, 

5. 📝 Step-by-Step Copyright Registration Process in India

1.     Identify the Type of Work Choose the category your work falls under—literary, musical, artistic, cinematographic, software, etc.

2.     Create an Account on the Copyright Office Website Visit the Copyright Office of India and register for an account to begin the application process.

3.     Fill Out the Application (Form XIV) Complete the online form with details about the work and the applicant. You’ll also need to upload a scanned signature and a copy of the work.

4.     Pay the Fee Submit the prescribed fee online. The amount varies depending on the type of work.

5.     Submit the Application Once submitted, you’ll receive a diary number as proof of submission.

6.     Waiting Period (30 Days) There’s a mandatory 30-day waiting period to allow for any objections.

7.     Examination by the Registrar If no objections are raised, the Registrar examines the application. If everything checks out, the work is registered.

8.     Issuance of Certificate Once approved, you’ll receive a certificate of registration and your work will be entered into the Register of Copyrights.

You can find a detailed guide on the IndiaFilings website or explore the official Copyright Office portal for forms and FAQs.

📤 What Happens When You Upload Content : When you upload something online (to YouTube, Instagram, a blog, etc.), you're essentially publishing it to a global audience. If that content includes copyrighted material—like someone else’s song, artwork, or video clip—you could be infringing on their rights. The digital era has transformed how we create, share, and consume content—and with that has come a whole tangle of copyright complexities. Here's a quick breakdown of key issues swirling around today:

• 1. Easy Duplication and Distribution: EDD : Digital content can be copied and spread globally with a single click, often without the creator's permission. Think music, videos, photos, articles—anything that can go online can be duplicated.
  
• 2. User-Generated Content (UGC) :Platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram thrive on user creativity, but they often dance on the edge of copyright infringement when users remix, mash up, or use copyrighted materials without proper licensing.
  
• 3. Digital Rights Management (DRM) :To protect content, creators and companies use DRM tools. While these guard against piracy, they can also restrict legitimate usage, like making backups or using content across devices.
  
• 4. Fair Use Confusion: “Fair use” allows limited use of copyrighted material for commentary, criticism, education, and parody, but it’s notoriously vague—and navigating it without legal expertise can be risky.
  
• 5. AI and Copyright : With AI generating art, text, and music, who owns the final product? And what about the data it's trained on—does that violate copyright if it includes protected content?
  
• 6. International Challenges: Copyright laws vary wildly from country to country. What’s protected in one nation may not be in another, complicating enforcement across borders.

6. ⚠️ Key Copyright Implications

• Unauthorized Use: Uploading copyrighted content without permission can lead to takedown notices, account suspension, or even legal action.
• Content ID & Detection: Platforms like YouTube use automated systems to detect copyrighted material. If flagged, your content might be demonetized, muted, or removed.
• Fair Use Confusion: Even if you think your use is “fair” (like for education or commentary), it’s not always clear-cut and can still be challenged.
• Moral Rights: In some countries, even if you credit the creator, uploading altered versions of their work can violate their moral rights.
• Infringement of copyright occurs when an individual unlawfully violates the exclusive rights bestowed upon a copyright proprietor, sans their authorization. These exclusive rights entail the freedom to duplicate, circulate, execute, showcase, and engender derivative works from a unique work of authorship.

• Unauthorized Copying: Reproducing, photocopying, or duplicating copyrighted content without permission.

• Piracy: Illegally distributing or selling copyrighted material, such as movies, music, or software.

• Plagiarism: Presenting someone else’s work as one’s own, without proper attribution or permission.

• Online Sharing: Sharing copyrighted material on online platforms without authorization, including social media, websites, or file-sharing networks.

• Adaptation or Derivative Works: Creating adaptations, remixes, or derivative works without permission from the original copyright owner.

• Performing Rights Violation: Performing copyrighted works publicly without obtaining the necessary licenses or permissions.

• Commercial Use without Permission: Using copyrighted material for commercial purposes without obtaining proper licensing or permission.

• Digital Reproduction: Unauthorized reproduction or distribution of digital content, including e-books, software, or digital artwork.

• Unauthorised Translation: Translating copyrighted works without the copyright owner’s permission.

• Rebroadcasting: Broadcasting or streaming copyrighted content without proper authorization.

• Artwork Reproduction: Reproducing visual art, photographs, or illustrations without the artist’s permission.

• Educational Use without Fair Use: Using copyrighted material in educational settings without qualifying for fair use or obtaining the necessary licenses.

• Failure to Attribute: Not providing proper attribution or credit to the original creator when using their copyrighted work.

• Using Copyrighted Software Illegally: Using software without adhering to licensing agreements, such as using unauthorized copies or distributing software without permission.

• Public Display: Displaying copyrighted material in public without proper authorization.

• Architectural Works: Copying or reproducing architectural designs without permission.

• Fashion Design Infringement: Copying or replicating unique and original fashion designs without permission.

7. ✅ Challenges & Best Practices

• The rise of online piracy and its impact on creators
• Challenges with enforcement across borders
• The role of Digital Rights Management (DRM) and AI-powered monitoring
• Legal frameworks like the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
• The importance of Creative Commons licensing and public awareness
• Emerging tech like blockchain and virtual reality in copyright protection

• Use original content or works licensed under Creative Commons.
• Always credit the creator and check the license terms.
• Consider using royalty-free libraries for music, images, and video.
• If in doubt, get written permission or a license.

• For a deeper dive into these issues, you can check out this Legal Vidhiya article on digital copyright or analysis on copyright infringement in the digital world.
• 
  

8. 🌐 What Is Creative Commons Licensing?

Creative Commons licenses allow creators to:

• Let others use their work with conditions (like giving credit or not using it commercially).
• Choose from six main license types, ranging from the most open (CC BY) to the most restrictive (CC BY-NC-ND).
• Even dedicate their work to the public domain using CC0, meaning no rights reserved.
• Creative Commons (CC) licenses come in six main types, offering a spectrum from the most permissive to the most restrictive in terms of how content can be used. Here they are:
• Each one balances creators' desire to share with their need for control in a slightly different way. 

You can explore the full range of licenses on Creative Commons' official site.

• ·       CC BY – Attribution: The most open license. You can copy, modify, distribute—even commercially—as long as you credit the creator. Example: "Open Access" by Peter Suber – a foundational book on the open access movement, published by MIT Press.
• ·       CC BY-SA – Attribution-ShareAlike: Same freedoms as CC BY, but your derivative works must be licensed under identical terms. (Think: remix culture and Wikipedia Example: Wikipedia – all articles across its many language editions are licensed under CC BY-SA, encouraging remixing and reuse with the same license.
• ·       CC BY-ND – Attribution-NoDerivatives: You can reuse and redistribute the work, even for commercial purposes, but no changes are allowed. Example: The Art of Unix Programming by Eric S. Raymond – shared under CC BY-ND, allowing redistribution without modification.
• ·       CC BY-NC – Attribution-NonCommercial: Others can remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially. They must still give credit, but they don’t have to license their modified work under the same terms. Example: Free Culture by Lawrence Lessig – a seminal work on copyright and creativity, licensed for non-commercial use with attribution.
• ·       CC BY-NC-SA – Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike: You can modify and share the work non-commercially, but your new creations must carry the same license, and you must give attribution. Example: Little Brother by Cory Doctorow – a popular young adult novel available for non-commercial remixing under the same license.
• ·       CC BY-NC-ND – Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives: The most restrictive license. You can download and share the work with credit, but no changes and no commercial use. Example: Move Under Ground by Nick Mamatas – a horror novel mashup that can be shared non-commercially but not altered.

9. ✅ Copyright Dos:  Here’s a handy guide to the dos and don’ts of copyright, especially relevant in today’s digital world:

1. Do ask for permission before using someone else’s work—whether it’s for commercial or personal use.
2. Do give proper credit to the original creator when using their content, even if it’s allowed under fair use.
3. Do use public domain or Creative Commons-licensed materials when available—they’re free to use, but still check the terms.
4. Do register your own original work to strengthen your legal rights and make enforcement easier.
5. Do keep records of any permissions or licenses you obtain—it’s your safety net in case of disputes.
6. Do understand fair use—limited use for education, commentary, or parody may be allowed, but it’s not a free pass.

10 ❌ Copyright Don’ts

1. Don’t copy or share copyrighted material without permission, even if it’s just for a school project or social media post.
2. Don’t assume everything online is free to use—most content is protected, even if it doesn’t have a copyright notice.
3. Don’t modify or remix someone’s work without checking if you’re allowed to—it could still be infringement.
4. Don’t use pirated software, music, or movies—it’s illegal and unethical.
5. Don’t ignore takedown notices—they’re serious and could lead to legal action if not addressed.

20 Copyright Dos and Don’ts When Dealing With Protected Works

If you're looking to protect your creative work online, there are several powerful tools designed to detect copyright infringement. These tools use technologies like content fingerprinting, reverse image search, and AI-driven pattern recognition to spot unauthorized use. Here are some standout options:

11. 🛠️ Popular Copyright Detection Tools : These tools are especially useful for creators, educators, businesses, and platforms that want to stay compliant and protect their intellectual property

• Red Points: Specializes in detecting and removing copyright-infringing content across websites, marketplaces, and social media platforms.
• ScoreDetect: Offers a suite of tools including content fingerprinting, plagiarism detection, and digital watermarking to monitor and protect your work.
• Videntifier: Uses advanced image and video recognition to identify unauthorized use of visual content.
• DMCA.com Protection Services: Provides monitoring and takedown services for websites using your content without permission.
• Google Reverse Image Search: A free and simple way to check if your images are being used elsewhere online.
• Red Points

12. 📣 Why Public Awareness Matters

Despite its benefits, many people still don’t understand how CC licensing works. That’s where public awareness comes in:

• Educators and students can legally use CC-licensed materials in classrooms and projects.
• Artists and creators can collaborate more freely and build on each other’s work.
• Governments and institutions can promote open access to knowledge and culture.

In India, organizations like Wikimedia India and the Centre for Internet & Society are actively working to raise awareness and promote the use of Creative Commons in education and public policy.

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Conclusion : 

Copyright is a legal framework that gives creators of original works—like books, music, films, software, and artwork—the exclusive right to use, reproduce, distribute, and adapt their creations for a certain period of time. It’s a form of intellectual property protection that helps ensure artists and authors can benefit from their work. Here’s a quick breakdown of what copyright typically covers:

• Reproduction rights (copying the work)

• Distribution rights (selling or sharing copies)

• Derivative works (like adaptations or translations)

• Public performance and display (like playing music or showing films)

In most countries, copyright protection begins automatically as soon as the work is created and fixed in a tangible form—no registration needed. However, registering your copyright can make it easier to enforce your rights in court. In India, the governing law is the Copyright Act of 1957, which has been amended several times to keep up with digital and international developments.

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